TURTLE Ball Handling and Kicking Mechanism

From ROP
(Difference between revisions)
Jump to: navigation, search
(Created page with "{| style="width:300px" border="0" align="right" |- | style="background:LightBlue; color:black; font-size:135%" align="center" | '''Robot Links''' |- | style="background:LightGrey...")
 
(41 intermediate revisions by 4 users not shown)
Line 7: Line 7:
 
| style="background:white; color:black;" align="left" | [http://www.tue.nl/en TU/e]
 
| style="background:white; color:black;" align="left" | [http://www.tue.nl/en TU/e]
 
|-
 
|-
| style="background:white; color:black;" align="left" | [http://w3.wtb.tue.nl/en/research/research_groups/control_systems_technology/ CST Group, TU/e]
+
| style="background:white; color:black;" align="left" | [http://www.tue.nl/en/university/departments/mechanical-engineering/research/research-groups/control-systems-technology/ CST Group, TU/e]
 
|-
 
|-
 
| style="background:white; color:black;" align="left" | rop@tue.nl
 
| style="background:white; color:black;" align="left" | rop@tue.nl
Line 13: Line 13:
 
| style="background:LightGrey; color:black; font-size:115%" align="left" | '''CAD Files'''
 
| style="background:LightGrey; color:black; font-size:115%" align="left" | '''CAD Files'''
 
|-
 
|-
| style="background:white; color:black;" align="left" | ''(Coming Soon)''
+
| style="background:white; color:black;" align="left" | [https://robotics.wtb.tue.nl/svn/rop/TURTLE/ Inventor]
 +
|-
 +
| style="background:white; color:black;" align="left" | [https://robotics.wtb.tue.nl/svn/rop/TURTLE/STEP Step]
 
|-
 
|-
 
| style="background:LightGrey; color:black; font-size:115%" align="left" | '''Electronic Drawings'''
 
| style="background:LightGrey; color:black; font-size:115%" align="left" | '''Electronic Drawings'''
 
|-
 
|-
| style="background:white; color:black;" align="left" | ''(Coming Soon)''
+
| style="background:white; color:black;" align="left" | [https://robotics.wtb.tue.nl/svn/rop/TURTLE/Electrical%20Drawings/ PDF]
 +
|-
 +
| style="background:LightGrey; color:black; font-size:115%" align="left" | '''Software'''
 +
|-
 +
| style="background:white; color:black;" align="left" | [http://robocup.wtb.tue.nl/svn/techunited/ Software]
 +
|-
 +
| style="background:LightGrey; color:black; font-size:115%" align="left" | '''Software Flow Charts'''
 +
|-
 +
| style="background:white; color:black;" align="left" | [http://www.techunited.nl/media/images/Tech%20United%20-%20Software%20Scheme.pdf|Software Scheme]
 +
|-
 +
| style="background:white; color:black;" align="left" | [http://www.techunited.nl/simulink/motion_turtle_slwebview_files/index.html Motion]
 +
|-
 +
| style="background:white; color:black;" align="left" | [http://www.techunited.nl/simulink/vision_turtle_slwebview_files/index.html Vision]
 +
|-
 +
| style="background:white; color:black;" align="left" | [http://www.techunited.nl/simulink/worldmodel_slwebview_files/index.html World Model]
 
|-
 
|-
 
| style="background:LightGrey; color:black; font-size:115%" align="left" | '''License'''
 
| style="background:LightGrey; color:black; font-size:115%" align="left" | '''License'''
 
|-
 
|-
| style="background:white; color:black;" align="left" | [https://rop.wtb.tue.nl/svn/rop/AMIGO/License/ License Files]
+
| style="background:white; color:black;" align="left" | [https://robotics.wtb.tue.nl/svn/rop/TURTLE/License/ License Files]
 
|-
 
|-
 
|}
 
|}
[[TURTLE|TURTLE]]: [[TURTLE Base|Base]] | [[TURTLE Upper Body|Upper Body]] | [[TURTLE Ball Handling and Kicking Mechanism|Ball Handling and Kicking Mechanism]]
+
[[TURTLE|TURTLE]]: [[TURTLE Base|Base]] | [[TURTLE Upper Body|Upper Body]] | [[TURTLE Ball Handling and Kicking Mechanism|Ball Handling and Kicking Mechanism]] | [[TURTLE 8-Wheeled Base|8-Wheeled Base]]
  
  
Line 33: Line 49:
 
The ball handling and kicking mechanism, toghether with it's supporting frame, provide most of the functionality to handle, dribble, pass and shoot the ball. <br>
 
The ball handling and kicking mechanism, toghether with it's supporting frame, provide most of the functionality to handle, dribble, pass and shoot the ball. <br>
  
* Author: [http://w3.wtb.tue.nl/en/research/research_groups/control_systems_technology/ CST Group, TU/e]
+
* Author: [http://www.tue.nl/en/university/departments/mechanical-engineering/research/research-groups/control-systems-technology/ CST Group, TU/e]
 
* License: [http://www.ohwr.org/projects/cernohl/wiki CERN OHL v.1.1]
 
* License: [http://www.ohwr.org/projects/cernohl/wiki CERN OHL v.1.1]
* Repository: [(coming soon)]
+
* Repository: [https://robotics.wtb.tue.nl/svn/rop/TURTLE https://robotics.wtb.tue.nl/svn/rop/TURTLE]
* Software: [[www.ros.org|www.ros.org]] ''(Coming Soon)''
+
* Software: [http://robocup.wtb.tue.nl/svn/techunited/ http://robocup.wtb.tue.nl/svn/techunited/]
  
 
= Overview =
 
= Overview =
 
The assembly and partial exploded view of the ball handling and kicking mechanisms, together with supporting frame and corresponding electronics, are depicted in Figure 1 and Figure 2 repsectively.
 
The assembly and partial exploded view of the ball handling and kicking mechanisms, together with supporting frame and corresponding electronics, are depicted in Figure 1 and Figure 2 repsectively.
  
[[Image:TURTLE_Ball_handlingkicking.jpg|500px|thumb|center|Figure 1: The ball handling and kicking mechanism together with some electronics]]
+
[[Image:TURTLE_Ball_handlingkicking.jpg|500px|thumb|center|Figure 1: The ball handling and kicking mechanism together with electronics]]
  
 
[[Image:TURTLE_Ball_handlingkicking_EV.jpg|500px|thumb|center|Figure 2: An exploded view of the ball handling and kicking mechanism]]
 
[[Image:TURTLE_Ball_handlingkicking_EV.jpg|500px|thumb|center|Figure 2: An exploded view of the ball handling and kicking mechanism]]
Line 50: Line 66:
 
1. The ball handling and kicking frame; <br>
 
1. The ball handling and kicking frame; <br>
 
2. The wireless antenna  from RF Solutions (315 MHz); <br>
 
2. The wireless antenna  from RF Solutions (315 MHz); <br>
3. The Beckhoff Ethercat stack; ''?? brand/type/specs''; <br>
+
3. The Beckhoff Ethercat module; Containing EK1100, EL1008, EL2008 EL3102, EL4038, EL5101 and ELl9011; <br>
 
4. The capacitor mechanism  (450 V; 4700 µF) in order to have a power reserve for the coil of the kicking; <br>
 
4. The capacitor mechanism  (450 V; 4700 µF) in order to have a power reserve for the coil of the kicking; <br>
 
5. The laser range finder  (Hokuyo UTM-30LX)  Currently not used on the field players due to the disturbances. <br>
 
5. The laser range finder  (Hokuyo UTM-30LX)  Currently not used on the field players due to the disturbances. <br>
Line 58: Line 74:
 
9. The kicking mechanism; <br>
 
9. The kicking mechanism; <br>
 
10. The kicking actuator. <br>
 
10. The kicking actuator. <br>
 
  
 
= Mechanics =
 
= Mechanics =
Line 66: Line 81:
  
  
First the frame will be discussed (1 in Figure 2) that contains most of the ball handling and kicking components. A more detailed exploded view is visualized in Figure 3. <br>
+
First the frame will be discussed ( (1) in Figure 2) that contains most of the ball handling and kicking components. A more detailed exploded view is visualized in Figure 3. <br>
The frame consist of two side plates (1) and (2) from AL51-ST. On top of the right plate (1), two Elmex Violin 5/60 amplifiers (9) are assembled for the ball handling and kicking mechanism. The two plates are connected using three connecting blocks (3). In between two of these blocks, a Maxon Motor RE 25 (20W, 18V) with a GP 32 C planetary gearhead ''??? reduction ???'' and HEDS - 5540 Encoder (4) is clamped. On the axis of the motor, a reel is fitted which is supported on the end using a Permaglide PAF06080P10 bearing. A cable is assembled on the reel and is first guided around bushing (5), which is fitted on an axis with Permaglide bearings. Then the cable is guided across the second reel (6), which is fitted on an axis with Permaglide bearings, which can slide in two slotted holes and is connected to the pre-loading unit (7). A pre-loading unit (7) pre-loads the cable by using three tension springs. <br>
+
The frame consist of two side plates (1) and (2) from AL51-ST. On top of the right plate (1), two Elmex Violin 5/60 amplifiers (9) are assembled for the ball handling and kicking mechanism. The two plates are connected using three connecting blocks (3). In between two of these blocks, a Maxon Motor RE 25 (20W, 18V) with a GP 32 C planetary gearhead with 18:1 reduction and a HEDL - 5540 Encoder with 500CPT and Line driver RS 442 (4) is clamped. On the axis of the motor, a reel is fitted which is supported on the end using a Permaglide PAF06080P10 bearing. A cable is assembled on the reel and is first guided around bushing (5), which is fitted on an axis with Permaglide bearings. Then the cable is guided across the second reel (6), which is fitted on an axis with Permaglide bearings, which can slide in two slotted holes and is connected to the pre-loading unit (7). A pre-loading unit (7) pre-loads the cable by using three tension springs. <br>
 
Finally the cable is connected to the hinges of the kicking mechanism, which will be discussed later on,  in order to vary between a straight shot and a lob shot. The kicking mechanism is assembled using a  shaft between two rubbers (8). <br>
 
Finally the cable is connected to the hinges of the kicking mechanism, which will be discussed later on,  in order to vary between a straight shot and a lob shot. The kicking mechanism is assembled using a  shaft between two rubbers (8). <br>
 
  
 
== The Capacitor ==
 
== The Capacitor ==
Line 76: Line 90:
  
 
The capacitor (450 V, 4700 µF) is assembled on the back of the ball handling and kicking frame. In Figure 4 the capacitor (1) is visualized together with the upper en lower plastic (PVC) plates for safetey reasons (2). These are connected and tensioned using 4 M3 x 150 threaded rods and some rivets (DIN 125) and nuts (ISO 4032). <br>
 
The capacitor (450 V, 4700 µF) is assembled on the back of the ball handling and kicking frame. In Figure 4 the capacitor (1) is visualized together with the upper en lower plastic (PVC) plates for safetey reasons (2). These are connected and tensioned using 4 M3 x 150 threaded rods and some rivets (DIN 125) and nuts (ISO 4032). <br>
Finally, this structure is connected to the frame with threaded holes (5).
+
Finally, this structure is connected to the frame with threaded holes (5). <br>
 
+
Note that it takes 15 seconds after a shot before the capacitor is fully loaded again; Before this time, less power is reserved for a shot.
  
 
== The Ball Holders ==
 
== The Ball Holders ==
Line 83: Line 97:
 
[[Image:TURTLE_Ball_holder.jpg|500px|thumb|center|Figure 5: Exploded view of the ball holders]]
 
[[Image:TURTLE_Ball_holder.jpg|500px|thumb|center|Figure 5: Exploded view of the ball holders]]
  
In Figure 5 a more detailed view of the ball holders is visible, in which an omni wheel ''(1, which is a simplified representation of the wheel, ROTACASTER??)'' is connected to a hollow shaft(2) using a gusset. This axis rotates inside SKF 61900 ball bearings, which are retained in position by circlips (2 x DIN 6799 8 and 2 x DIN 6799 10). <br>
+
The ball holders are used to position/dock the ball together with the ball receivers. Moreover, a brake can be actuated to brake the ball during a scrum. <br>
Inside the hollow shaft (2), a splined shaft (3) can be found which is connected to the housing (7) and a solenoid (type 312) in order to brake the omni wheel by pulling it to the side. <br>
+
<br>
 +
In Figure 5 a more detailed view of the ball holders is visible, in which an (1) Kornylak Transweel omniwheel (which is a simplified representation of the wheel) is connected to a hollow shaft(2) using a gusset. This axis rotates inside SKF 61900 ball bearings, which are retained in position by circlips (2 x DIN 6799 8 and 2 x DIN 6799 10). <br>
 +
Inside the hollow shaft (2), a splined shaft (3) can be found which is connected to the housing (7) and a solenoid (type 312) in order to brake the omniwheels during a scrum by pulling it to the side. <br>
 
Everything is bolted together using (9) M3 x 8 Allen nuts (ISO 4762).
 
Everything is bolted together using (9) M3 x 8 Allen nuts (ISO 4762).
  
Line 91: Line 107:
 
[[Image:TURTLE_ball_receiver.jpg|500px|thumb|center|Figure 6: Exploded view of the ball receivers]]
 
[[Image:TURTLE_ball_receiver.jpg|500px|thumb|center|Figure 6: Exploded view of the ball receivers]]
  
The ball receiver, with a more detailed view in Figure 6, consists of a leg (1) from Aluminum-6061.
+
The two ball receiver consist of actuated tyres which can 'drive' the ball. In this way, the ball can be pulled against the robot in order to 'dock' the ball before shooting (pulling it against the bottom ball holders), drive backwards, steer and even rotate around it's axis without losing the ball. <br>
This leg is connected using a shaft (2) and Permaglide PAF06080P bearings (3) to the base, which enables a single rotation and translation. <br>
+
<br>
On the top side, it is connected to the damper (discussed in the next section) using a shaft (4) from hardened steel, assembled with two circlips (DIN 6799-5). <br>
+
The wheel that makes connection with the ball (5) consists of a tire on a rim, which on one side is connected with the leg (1) using a brass bushing (6), working as a bearing. On the other side a ABS bearing (8)''  (???)'' is used to support the wheel axis (7) from CrNIMo. <br>
+
A plate (9), again from Aluminum-6061, supports the bearings and is bolted on to the leg (1). On top of this plate, the Gysin  (GSR012-1-05-1) gearbox (11) is connected, in which a Maxon Motor RE 25 (20W, 24V) with a GP 32 C '' planetary gearhead (radtio ?) is assembled ? and encoder?'' (10). Finally the housing is closed using a cover plate (12) from ''St. 37-2.''
+
  
 +
The ball receiver, with a more detailed view in Figure 6, consists of a leg (1) from Aluminum-6061.
 +
This leg is connected using a shaft (2) and Permaglide PAF06080P bearings (3) to the base, which enables a single rotation around a line. <br>
 +
On the top side it is connected to the damper (discussed in the next section) using a shaft (4) from hardened steel, assembled with two circlips (DIN 6799-5). <br>
 +
The wheel that makes connection with the ball (5) consists of a tire on a rim, which on one side is connected with the leg (1) using a brass bushing (6), working as a bearing. On the other side a ABS bearing (8) is used to support the wheel axis (7) from CrNIMo. <br>
 +
A plate (9), again from Aluminum-6061, supports the bearings and is bolted on to the leg (1). On top of this plate, the Gysin  (GSR012-1-05-1) 5:1 gearbox (11) is connected, in which a Maxon Motor RE 25 (20W, 24V) with DC- Tacho DCT 22 0.52 V encoder iis assembled. Finally the housing is closed using a cover plate (12) from ''St. 37-2.''
  
 
== The Plunger ==
 
== The Plunger ==
Line 102: Line 120:
 
[[Image:TURTLE_Plunger.jpg|500px|thumb|center|Figure 7: Exploded view of the plunger]]
 
[[Image:TURTLE_Plunger.jpg|500px|thumb|center|Figure 7: Exploded view of the plunger]]
  
The plunger that is used to kick the ball is shown in a more detailed view in Figure 7. It consists of a Steel 52-3 shaft (1) that can be accelerated by the kicking coil, which will be discussed in the next section. The plunger unit (3) from Dural (7075-T6) is connected to the shaft (1) using a threaded rod (3), also from St. 52-3. Using a dowel pin (4) (ISO 8734 A) and two Derlin endplugs (5), the plunger is connected to the kicking mechanism. ,br>
+
The plunger that is used to kick the ball is shown in a more detailed view in Figure 7. It consists of a steel 52-3 shaft (1) that can be accelerated by the kicking coil, which will be discussed in the next section. The plunger unit (3) from Dural (7075-T6) is connected to the shaft (1) using a threaded rod (3), also from St. 52-3. Using a dowel pin (4) (ISO 8734 A) and two Derlin endplugs (5), the plunger is connected to the kicking mechanism. <br>
 
On the other side, the steel shaft is fitted with an end stop (6), holding two rubber pushblocks (7) and a DIN 125 washer (8) in place together with the M12 nut (9) (ISO 4032).
 
On the other side, the steel shaft is fitted with an end stop (6), holding two rubber pushblocks (7) and a DIN 125 washer (8) in place together with the M12 nut (9) (ISO 4032).
  
Line 110: Line 128:
  
  
Figure 8 visualizes the assembly of the kicking actuator. It consist of an plastic PVC core (1), on which copper coil is winded ''(?? More details GTD?? ).'' It is then sealed using a St. 37-2 tube (3) and two St. 37-2 flanges. Two Permaglide (PAF25115P10) rings (5) are used to fit the core (1) and coil (2) on the flanges (4), which are then bolted together using M3 x 8 Allen bolts (ISO 4762). On the back of the kicking coil, an extra protection tube (7) and protection flange (8) are mounted in order to protect the plunger.
+
Figure 8 visualizes the assembly of the kicking actuator. It consist of an plastic PVC core (1), on which a copper coil is winded orthocyclic with N = 1050 turns. It is then sealed using a St. 37-2 tube (3) and two St. 37-2 flanges. Two Permaglide (PAF25115P10) rings (5) are used to fit the core (1) and coil (2) on the flanges (4), which are then bolted together using M3 x 8 Allen bolts (ISO 4762). On the back of the kicking coil, an extra protection tube (7) and protection flange (8) are mounted in order to protect the plunger and it surroundings from eachother. <br>
 +
Note that the kicking actuator can obtain speeds of 11 m/s and accelerations of 1000 m/s without a load.
  
 
== The Kicking Mechanism ==
 
== The Kicking Mechanism ==
Line 116: Line 135:
 
[[Image:TURTLE_Kicking_mechanism.jpg|500px|thumb|center|Figure 9: Exploded view of the kicking mechanism]]
 
[[Image:TURTLE_Kicking_mechanism.jpg|500px|thumb|center|Figure 9: Exploded view of the kicking mechanism]]
  
 +
The kicking mechanism, actuated by the plunger, is in direct contact with the ball (at full power, it 'dissapears' 50 mm into the ball, before the ball takes off) and can be adjusted in height by adjusting the upper link with a cable to differentiate between a straight and a lob shot. <br>
 +
<br>
 
The kicking mechanism, visualized in Figure 9 is assembled using a Dural (7075-T6) rod (1), which is connected to the plunger. An Aluminum 6061-AHC kicking pin is (2) is screwed on to the rod (1). <br>
 
The kicking mechanism, visualized in Figure 9 is assembled using a Dural (7075-T6) rod (1), which is connected to the plunger. An Aluminum 6061-AHC kicking pin is (2) is screwed on to the rod (1). <br>
The rod (1) rotates around the 34CrNiMo6 shaft (3), which is assembled in to the Aluminum-6061-AHC upper link (4) and fitted with an HEDL-5540 encoder (5). The shaft (3) is fitted with two Permaglide (PAF06040P10) (6) bushings. <br>
+
The rod (1) rotates around the 34CrNiMo6 shaft (3), which is assembled in to the Aluminum-6061-AHC upper link (4) and fitted with an HEDL 5540 (500 CPT, 3 channel, with line driver RS 422) encoder (5). The shaft (3) is fitted with two Permaglide (PAF06040P10) (6) bushings. <br>
 
On the other side, the upper link (4) is connected to the ball handling and kicking frame using a longer 34CrNiMo6 shaft (7) with Permaglide (PAF06080P10) bushings (8) and two Delrin rings (9). All shafts are retained against sliding by circlips (DIN 6799). <br>
 
On the other side, the upper link (4) is connected to the ball handling and kicking frame using a longer 34CrNiMo6 shaft (7) with Permaglide (PAF06080P10) bushings (8) and two Delrin rings (9). All shafts are retained against sliding by circlips (DIN 6799). <br>
 
  
 
= Electronics =
 
= Electronics =
  
''(Coming soon)''
+
'''Beckhoff EtherCAT Module''' <br>
 +
 
 +
EK1100    Ethercat coupler <br>
 +
EL1008    8* digital in <br>
 +
EL2008    8* digital out <br>
 +
EL3102    2* analog in 10V 16 bit <br>
 +
EL4038    8* analog out 10V 12 bit <br>
 +
EL5101    Incremental encoder interface<br>
 +
EL9011    E bushing <br>
  
 
= License =
 
= License =
Copyright Technische Universiteit Eindhoven 2012. <br>
+
Copyright Eindhoven University of Technology 2012. <br>
 
<br>
 
<br>
 
This documentation describes Open Hardware and is licensed under the CERN OHL v. 1.1. <br>
 
This documentation describes Open Hardware and is licensed under the CERN OHL v. 1.1. <br>
 
You may redistribute and modify this documentation under the terms of the CERN OHL v.1.1. (http://ohwr.org/cernohl). <br>
 
You may redistribute and modify this documentation under the terms of the CERN OHL v.1.1. (http://ohwr.org/cernohl). <br>
 
This documentation is distributed WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTY, INCLUDING OF MERCHANTABILITY, SATISFACTORY QUALITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Please see the CERN OHL v.1.1 for applicable conditions.
 
This documentation is distributed WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTY, INCLUDING OF MERCHANTABILITY, SATISFACTORY QUALITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Please see the CERN OHL v.1.1 for applicable conditions.

Revision as of 08:56, 26 March 2020

Robot Links
Author
TU/e
CST Group, TU/e
rop@tue.nl
CAD Files
Inventor
Step
Electronic Drawings
PDF
Software
Software
Software Flow Charts
Scheme
Motion
Vision
World Model
License
License Files

TURTLE: Base | Upper Body | Ball Handling and Kicking Mechanism | 8-Wheeled Base


Contents


Part Summary

The ball handling and kicking mechanism, toghether with it's supporting frame, provide most of the functionality to handle, dribble, pass and shoot the ball.

Overview

The assembly and partial exploded view of the ball handling and kicking mechanisms, together with supporting frame and corresponding electronics, are depicted in Figure 1 and Figure 2 repsectively.

Figure 1: The ball handling and kicking mechanism together with electronics
Figure 2: An exploded view of the ball handling and kicking mechanism

Figure 1 visualizes the assembled ball handling and kicking mechanism together with the corresponding frame and some additional electronics. This assembly is made in an exploded view in Figure 2, in which some components will be explained in more detail in the following sections.

The visualized components are listed down below and will be discussed in more detail.
1. The ball handling and kicking frame;
2. The wireless antenna from RF Solutions (315 MHz);
3. The Beckhoff Ethercat module; Containing EK1100, EL1008, EL2008 EL3102, EL4038, EL5101 and ELl9011;
4. The capacitor mechanism (450 V; 4700 µF) in order to have a power reserve for the coil of the kicking;
5. The laser range finder (Hokuyo UTM-30LX) Currently not used on the field players due to the disturbances.
6. The ball holders from the ball handling mechanism;
7. The ball receivers of the ball handling mechanism;
8. The plunger;
9. The kicking mechanism;
10. The kicking actuator.

Mechanics

The ball handling and kicking frame with hinges

Figure 3: Exploded view of the ball handling and kicking frame


First the frame will be discussed ( (1) in Figure 2) that contains most of the ball handling and kicking components. A more detailed exploded view is visualized in Figure 3.
The frame consist of two side plates (1) and (2) from AL51-ST. On top of the right plate (1), two Elmex Violin 5/60 amplifiers (9) are assembled for the ball handling and kicking mechanism. The two plates are connected using three connecting blocks (3). In between two of these blocks, a Maxon Motor RE 25 (20W, 18V) with a GP 32 C planetary gearhead with 18:1 reduction and a HEDL - 5540 Encoder with 500CPT and Line driver RS 442 (4) is clamped. On the axis of the motor, a reel is fitted which is supported on the end using a Permaglide PAF06080P10 bearing. A cable is assembled on the reel and is first guided around bushing (5), which is fitted on an axis with Permaglide bearings. Then the cable is guided across the second reel (6), which is fitted on an axis with Permaglide bearings, which can slide in two slotted holes and is connected to the pre-loading unit (7). A pre-loading unit (7) pre-loads the cable by using three tension springs.
Finally the cable is connected to the hinges of the kicking mechanism, which will be discussed later on, in order to vary between a straight shot and a lob shot. The kicking mechanism is assembled using a shaft between two rubbers (8).

The Capacitor

Figure 4: The capacitor with mounting frame

The capacitor (450 V, 4700 µF) is assembled on the back of the ball handling and kicking frame. In Figure 4 the capacitor (1) is visualized together with the upper en lower plastic (PVC) plates for safetey reasons (2). These are connected and tensioned using 4 M3 x 150 threaded rods and some rivets (DIN 125) and nuts (ISO 4032).
Finally, this structure is connected to the frame with threaded holes (5).
Note that it takes 15 seconds after a shot before the capacitor is fully loaded again; Before this time, less power is reserved for a shot.

The Ball Holders

Figure 5: Exploded view of the ball holders

The ball holders are used to position/dock the ball together with the ball receivers. Moreover, a brake can be actuated to brake the ball during a scrum.

In Figure 5 a more detailed view of the ball holders is visible, in which an (1) Kornylak Transweel omniwheel (which is a simplified representation of the wheel) is connected to a hollow shaft(2) using a gusset. This axis rotates inside SKF 61900 ball bearings, which are retained in position by circlips (2 x DIN 6799 8 and 2 x DIN 6799 10).
Inside the hollow shaft (2), a splined shaft (3) can be found which is connected to the housing (7) and a solenoid (type 312) in order to brake the omniwheels during a scrum by pulling it to the side.
Everything is bolted together using (9) M3 x 8 Allen nuts (ISO 4762).

The Ball Receivers

Figure 6: Exploded view of the ball receivers

The two ball receiver consist of actuated tyres which can 'drive' the ball. In this way, the ball can be pulled against the robot in order to 'dock' the ball before shooting (pulling it against the bottom ball holders), drive backwards, steer and even rotate around it's axis without losing the ball.

The ball receiver, with a more detailed view in Figure 6, consists of a leg (1) from Aluminum-6061. This leg is connected using a shaft (2) and Permaglide PAF06080P bearings (3) to the base, which enables a single rotation around a line.
On the top side it is connected to the damper (discussed in the next section) using a shaft (4) from hardened steel, assembled with two circlips (DIN 6799-5).
The wheel that makes connection with the ball (5) consists of a tire on a rim, which on one side is connected with the leg (1) using a brass bushing (6), working as a bearing. On the other side a ABS bearing (8) is used to support the wheel axis (7) from CrNIMo.
A plate (9), again from Aluminum-6061, supports the bearings and is bolted on to the leg (1). On top of this plate, the Gysin (GSR012-1-05-1) 5:1 gearbox (11) is connected, in which a Maxon Motor RE 25 (20W, 24V) with DC- Tacho DCT 22 0.52 V encoder iis assembled. Finally the housing is closed using a cover plate (12) from St. 37-2.

The Plunger

Figure 7: Exploded view of the plunger

The plunger that is used to kick the ball is shown in a more detailed view in Figure 7. It consists of a steel 52-3 shaft (1) that can be accelerated by the kicking coil, which will be discussed in the next section. The plunger unit (3) from Dural (7075-T6) is connected to the shaft (1) using a threaded rod (3), also from St. 52-3. Using a dowel pin (4) (ISO 8734 A) and two Derlin endplugs (5), the plunger is connected to the kicking mechanism.
On the other side, the steel shaft is fitted with an end stop (6), holding two rubber pushblocks (7) and a DIN 125 washer (8) in place together with the M12 nut (9) (ISO 4032).

The Kicking Actuator

Figure 8: Exploded view of the kicking coil


Figure 8 visualizes the assembly of the kicking actuator. It consist of an plastic PVC core (1), on which a copper coil is winded orthocyclic with N = 1050 turns. It is then sealed using a St. 37-2 tube (3) and two St. 37-2 flanges. Two Permaglide (PAF25115P10) rings (5) are used to fit the core (1) and coil (2) on the flanges (4), which are then bolted together using M3 x 8 Allen bolts (ISO 4762). On the back of the kicking coil, an extra protection tube (7) and protection flange (8) are mounted in order to protect the plunger and it surroundings from eachother.
Note that the kicking actuator can obtain speeds of 11 m/s and accelerations of 1000 m/s without a load.

The Kicking Mechanism

Figure 9: Exploded view of the kicking mechanism

The kicking mechanism, actuated by the plunger, is in direct contact with the ball (at full power, it 'dissapears' 50 mm into the ball, before the ball takes off) and can be adjusted in height by adjusting the upper link with a cable to differentiate between a straight and a lob shot.

The kicking mechanism, visualized in Figure 9 is assembled using a Dural (7075-T6) rod (1), which is connected to the plunger. An Aluminum 6061-AHC kicking pin is (2) is screwed on to the rod (1).
The rod (1) rotates around the 34CrNiMo6 shaft (3), which is assembled in to the Aluminum-6061-AHC upper link (4) and fitted with an HEDL 5540 (500 CPT, 3 channel, with line driver RS 422) encoder (5). The shaft (3) is fitted with two Permaglide (PAF06040P10) (6) bushings.
On the other side, the upper link (4) is connected to the ball handling and kicking frame using a longer 34CrNiMo6 shaft (7) with Permaglide (PAF06080P10) bushings (8) and two Delrin rings (9). All shafts are retained against sliding by circlips (DIN 6799).

Electronics

Beckhoff EtherCAT Module

EK1100 Ethercat coupler
EL1008 8* digital in
EL2008 8* digital out
EL3102 2* analog in 10V 16 bit
EL4038 8* analog out 10V 12 bit
EL5101 Incremental encoder interface
EL9011 E bushing

License

Copyright Eindhoven University of Technology 2012.

This documentation describes Open Hardware and is licensed under the CERN OHL v. 1.1.
You may redistribute and modify this documentation under the terms of the CERN OHL v.1.1. (http://ohwr.org/cernohl).
This documentation is distributed WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTY, INCLUDING OF MERCHANTABILITY, SATISFACTORY QUALITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Please see the CERN OHL v.1.1 for applicable conditions.

Personal tools
Namespaces
Variants
Actions